Countries pass through tipping points where a system shifts from one state to another. In hindsight, the election of President Trump was one such tipping point.
Seemingly a significant proportion of the voting population, fed-up with a system they felt didn’t work for them, voted for a renegade – someone they thought might “drain the swamp”. The reality is that the Trump Presidency exaggerated many of the already existing fault lines.
In the decade leading up to the 2016 Presidential election, Positive Peace, which can be used as measure of societal resilience, had sharply fallen. In fact, the US has had one of the sharpest falls in Positive Peace of any country in the world.
The measures that have deteriorated the most are:
The latter being a situation where the elites in a society, or those in positions of power, cannot find common ground.
Other indicators to deteriorate were:
Although not as pronounced as in the US, the same sad trend can be observed in many Western democracies.
The IMF has recently warned of the potential for a “lost decade”, with a global growth forecast averaging 1.9% per annum – the biggest burden falling on the poorest countries.
If it eventuates, it will be the worst economic performance in decades, possibly since the end of the Second World War. Over the last ten years, there has been a sharp rise in levels of civil unrest, with riots and demonstrations increasing by 278% during this period.
These sluggish and challenging conditions will mean higher unemployment, resulting in deteriorating wages, working conditions and most likely an acceleration of the trends mentioned above.
Yet extraordinary times can create extraordinary opportunities, but only if policy makers from all political sides realise that the policies of the last 20 years will not solve the problems of today.
Within the field of systems thinking there is a concept of path dependency; all societies move along their own path and cannot be radically changed without endangering the system.
The good news is that although deteriorating, Western democracies, including the US, have high levels of Positive Peace. This is also a measure of adaptability.
We need to view our societies as systems, applying the principles of systems thinking. Once a system is moving in a positive direction it is self-reinforcing; it creates a virtuous cycle and Positive Peace provides a lens through which to view a system.
Positive Peace is also statistically associated with many of the things we consider important — higher GDP growth, better measures of wellbeing and happiness, better performance on ecological measures and better measures of inclusion.
Positive Peace has the potential to transform some of the world’s most difficult issues, because it shifts the focus away from the negative to the positive, creating the conditions for a society to flourish.
Without an understanding of the factors that create and sustain highly functional societies, it will not be possible to develop the programmes, create the policies, or understand the resources required to build resilient and flourishing societies.
Our current approach is clearly not working – it’s time for change.
With best wishes,
Steve Killelea
Founder & Executive Chairman, Institute for Economics & Peace
